Anointing With Oil in James 5

Dear Marty Hollis, Part of the context in which Scripture needs to be considered is the perspective from which the original recipients of divine revelation would ordinarily have understood it. In this case, the primitive church, during which times true miracles were operative, probably would have understood the citation you note in the context of miraculous healing. Two circumstances, physical illness and spiritual illness, are observed in James 5:14-15. The latter is secondary references in verse 14 to miraculous healing. Therefore, since the miraculous age of the church has ceased, it is inappropriate and unwise to continue to employ the accompanying symbols (anointing with olive oil) of miraculous healing. Besides, anointing with olive oil is not part of contemporary American culture and sustains no significance beyond its place as an accompanying symbol of miraculous healing. Consideration of sinfulness in verse 15 is essentially an addendum to the context established in verse 14. Whereas the former (miraculous healing) has concluded, the latter (prayer–for physical and spiritual sickness) is still very much in order. I concur with the observations of commentators Guy N. Woods and Burton Coffman, some of whose comments appear following. The context would suggest that it is literal sickness inasmuch as it is mentioned in connection with literal suffering, praying, cheerfulness, and singing. In verse 15, below, it is clearly shown that the illness contemplated here is physical in character, in view of the fact that it is mentioned in connection with, and in addition to, spiritual illness. . …

Predestination Vs. Freewill

Dear Friend, You wrote: “How much is the human life determined by God’s predestination or planning (e.g., Pharaoh in Exodus or Judas). Or conversely, how much is determined by our freewill.” First, your question appears to assume a popular definition of “predestination” which, however, is not supported by biblical evidence. Many religious people imagine that “predestination” and “freewill” are incompatible, perhaps even polar opposites. The wording of your question implies that you concur with that understanding, or at least you suppose that there is sufficient conflict between “predestination” and “freewill” that some explanation is warranted to reconcile the two. The biblical doctrine of predestination stands in contrast to the prevalent but false denominational theory of predestination. Essentially, the Bible teaches that God’s predestination amounts to the Divine decision to save from their sins all people who comply with God’s conditions for grace and mercy. The competing doctrine of predestination authored by men assumes that God arbitrarily and unconditionally determined that certain individuals will be saved and conversely that certain individuals will be lost eternally. Whereas the denomination doctrine of predestination (a cardinal part of what is commonly called Calvinism) stipulates that a group of changeless, numbered and named individuals will be saved (or lost) without any human involvement in their salvation (or), God’s Word teaches that a group of changeable, an undetermined number and unnamed individuals will be saved (or lost) dependent on the way in which they exercise freewill. The difference is “unconditional salvation” Vs. “conditional salvation.” The difference …

Are You Growing?

I remember being a little boy and getting excited when I had grown some. I remember getting a yard stick and getting my parents to measure me. My children do the same thing. They have a growth chart on a door facing. Every few weeks they will stand next to it and someone will put a mark on the chart where the top of their head is on the chart. They get very excited to see how much they have grown. I imagine you are the same way. But, do you also get excited to learn more of God’s Word? Jesus must have. If you remember, in Luke Chapter 2 we learn that Jesus stayed in Jerusalem when his parents left to go back home. They realized he was not with them and went back to find him. They found him in the temple talking with the best teachers of God’s law. Now Jesus was only 12 years old and already knew a great deal about God’s law. He must have enjoyed studying God’s Word to be able to know so much about it. But, there is more. In Luke 2:52 we read, “And Jesus increased in wisdom and stature, and in favour with God and man.” Jesus wasn’t happy to stop with what he already knew. He continued to study and learn more and more about what God the Father wanted. He studied, learned, and put into action what God wanted him to do. And because of this he …

Jerusalem Headlines

Pick up any newspaper in the world. One of the first things you will notice are the headlines. These phrases alert the reader to the main events or stories of interest found in the paper. They also give some important information about the following article. Imagine for a moment the possible headlines of a Jerusalem newspaper one weekend almost two thousand years ago. Friday’s headline Late Night Sanhedrin Meeting Finds Man Guilty Saturday’s headlines Self-Proclaimed Son of God Sentenced To DeathSon of God Crucified: Where Were His Angels?Vandalism at the Temple During Mid-Day Blackout Sunday’s headline Jesus’ Body Missing from Tomb: Stolen by Followers or Resurrected? The account of Jesus’ death, burial and resurrection and the events leading to the crucifixion can be read in all four gospels (Matthew 26:47-28:8; Mark 14:43-16:8; Luke 22:47-24:12; John 18:2-20:10). The information found in these passages can give us a good idea about the contents of articles corresponding to each of the above headlines. Late Night Sanhedrin Meeting Finds Man Guilty An article about the arrest of Jesus would follow Friday’s headline. As Jesus and his disciples were preparing to leave the garden, Judas arrived with a mob to take Jesus into custody. From the garden, Jesus was taken before the Sanhedrin for trial. This trial was illegal; trials were not to be conducted on feast days, days in preparation for feasts, or on the Sabbath (Kittel, Gerhard, and Friedrich, Gerhard, Editors. The Theological Dictionary of the New Testament, Abridged in One Volume. Grand …

The Precious Blood of Christ

The New Testament teaches that Jesus Christ, the Son of God, gave himself for us that he might redeem us from all iniquity (Titus 2:14). The greatest problem anyone can have is his iniquity or sin. The only way one can get rid of that problem is by God’s forgiveness. God forgives sin because Christ shed his blood when he gave himself and died on a Roman cross. How precious indeed is the blood of Christ! Peter said Christians are people who have been redeemed “with the precious blood of Christ” (1 Peter 1:18-19). The New Testament teaches that those who are redeemed by the precious blood of Christ constitute the church we read about in that book. This also makes the church very precious indeed! Included in Preaching Jesus Gospel preachers must include in preaching Jesus, preaching about his church. God’s Word plainly and immutably declares that the church was purchased with the blood of God’s own Son (Acts 20:28)! This alone makes the church might important! Paul also wrote by the Spirit and said that Christ loved the church and gave himself for it (Ephesians 5:25). This should also cause us to love the church and realize how important it is. Christ saves, but he saves in his church. The Holy Spirit guided Paul to write that salvation by the cross of Christ is in his one body which is the church (Ephesians 1:22-23; 2:16). Paul also wrote that Christ is the savior of the body which is the …

Standing Up For Jesus (Part 1)

If Will Rogers was correct that all we know is what we read in the paper, then there is much to learn about a recent challenge to the New Testament’s view of Jesus. Over the last several years, a group calling itself the “Jesus Seminar” has gotten considerable press. In existence since being formed by founder Robert Funk in 1985, the Seminar’s work drew increased attention with their 1993 publication of The Five Gospels: The Search for the Authentic Words of Jesus, a book which has been supplemented by individual volumes by various Seminar members, and augmented by the 1998 publication of The Acts of Jesus: The Search for the Authentic Deeds of Jesus. The Seminar’s claims have not gone unchallenged. Michael P. Wilkins and J.P. Moreland edited a series of essays by conservative scholars which were published in 1995 in Jesus Under Fire: Modern Scholarship Reinvents the Historical Jesus. Luke Timothy Johnson’s 1996 book, The Real Jesus: The Misguided Quest for the Historical Jesus and the Truth of the Traditional Gospels, also critiques their work. Others have also contributed to the response. But if the Seminar’s claims have not gone unchallenged, neither have they abated. In the metropolitan Atlanta area, where this writer resides, there are a number of popular bookstores, including representatives of the Barnes and Noble, Borders and Media Play chains. For several years now, a casual perusal of their shelves has revealed numerous books by Seminar members and others who espouse similar views. A visit to local popular Christian …

The Fullness of God

Any hungry baby, fast growing child, or a hard working man knows how to, and will demand food that fills the emptiness which comes with hunger. If ignored, hunger causes an intense gnawing desire to be satisfied! If we eat food prepared to nourish and sustain our bodies, these bodies will lack nothing. So, eating wholesome food becomes a daily choice of subsistence. Indeed food, daily food, must be supplied and knowing this, the body demands to be filled religiously. Could shallowness of mind lead us to believe that only the body is to be fed until full? “Know ye not that yea are the temple of God, and that the Spirit of God dwelleth in you” (1 Corinthians 3:16)? A mind is housed within this body and it seeks to be fed also. It should be. It needs food to sustain eternal life! Paul was given grace to preach “the unsearchable riches of God” (Ephesians 3:8). Our soul food. “If so be ye have tasted that the Lord is gracious,” why stop with taste? Desire more of the Word, seek and search after the “bread of life which came down from heaven” (John 6:51). Jesus said, “I am that bread of life” (John 6:48). How often are we to feed our souls, you ask? On a continual basis, never ceasing. The Bible says “Till we all come in the unity of the faith and of the knowledge of the Son of God, unto a perfect man, unto the measure …

Who Killed Jesus?

[Knight Arnold News, Memphis, TN, Vol. 23, No. 15, April 15, 1997, pp. 2, 4.] The Jesus Seminar is at it again. It seems that when Easter and Christmas times come around, the popular media starts running stories about Jesus and whether he existed and whether the Gospel accounts are reliable records of the life of Christ. The primary source of information for the popular media to get information about Jesus and the New Testament is the so-called Jesus Seminar. The Seminar is a group of liberal scholars who deny many of the basic truths of Christianity. In the Indianapolis Star (Mar. 26, 1996), there appeared an article entitled “Scholar says issue of ‘Who killed Jesus?’ has affected Jewish-Christian relations.” The article quoted John Dominic Crossan of the Jesus Seminar speaking on the issue of the death of Christ. The statements attributed to Mr. Crossan contain many errors of fact, especially in regard to biblical teaching. The errors are outlined as follows: Error: “Crossan concludes that Jesus was killed because He preached ‘radical egalitarianism’ in an age when the Roman Empire oppressed His people–peasant Jews.” Fact: Jesus did not die because of Roman oppression of the Jewish people. Jesus died to save mankind from sins. In Luke 19:10, Jesus said he came to seek and save that which was lost. After Christ’s resurrection He told the apostles that it was necessary for Christ to die and that “repentance and remission of sins should be preached in his name, to all nations” (Luke 24:46-47). Error: “Jesus’ …

“Behold the Man . . .”

In the dark hours preceding his crucifixion, Jesus was led through a series of quasi-legal proceedings that flaunted any sense of justice. In one of those phases, Pilate, the Roman governor, had Christ brutally whipped. Subsequently, the soldiers placed a crown of plaited thorns upon his brow and mockingly clothed him in a purple robe, feigning regal adoration. Pilate then paraded Jesus before the crowd and exclaimed, “Behold, the man!” (John 19:5). Significantly, this very phrase is found in an Old Testament prophecy that heralds the coming of Israel’s Messiah. The Historical Background In 606/5 B.C., the southern kingdom of Judah was taken into captivity by the Babylonians. Their accumulating sins across the centuries finally exhausted the patience of their benevolent God. Thus, for their own good, divine discipline was necessary. Jeremiah had declared that this period of incarceration would last seventy years (25:12; 29:10). In 536 B.C. the first of three major returns to the homeland was effected. The long trek was led by Zerubbabel, whose principal mission was to encourage the rebuilding of the sacred temple (destroyed by the Babylonians in 586 B.C.). In conjunction with Zerubbabel’s labor, Zechariah’s efforts would be focused upon encouraging the people to re-establish their familial relationship with Jehovah. It was characteristic of the prophets, as they were addressing the weaknesses of the nation, to sweep across the centuries, giving brilliant glimpses of the great Deliverer, the Messiah, and the glories that would adorn his administration. This feature was certainly common to Zechariah’s …

Three Crosses

Jesus of Nazareth was crucified outside the city of Jerusalem on Golgotha or the hill of Calvary (Matthew 27:33; Luke 23:33). Two other men were led to that place of execution along with Jesus (Luke 23:32).All three were crucified, one thief on each side of our Lord (Luke 23:33). One of the thieves and his cross represents rebellion and arrogance, and depicts impenitent, lost humanity. He scoffed at Jesus: “If thou be Christ, save thyself and us.” Remarkably, that thief’s scorn for Christ was greater than his physical pain or the fear of his impending, dreadful death. Jesus, though, had done nothing to arouse this malicious attitude. This thief crossed the threshold of eternity unprepared and unconcerned about meeting God. Likewise, millions of souls have entered eternity with little or no concern for their souls. Lamentably, they made no preparation to spend eternity in heaven! Many are the souls who even live outside the lowly standards of righteousness established by men; they rebel against civil authority and are often openly without either penitence or remorse when caught and punished. Some sinners claim they have no desire to go to heaven and equally disdain companionship with godly people in this life. This thief was an unbeliever. If he were to have salvation, he demanded it on his own terms. Further, he wanted to test Jesus–requiring of him miraculous signs. This thief has many cousins possessing a similar inclination living today. The second thief and his cross represent penitence and depict the …

What Do You Wear

We live in a society that is casual oriented. Office personnel who at one time wore suits and ties or dresses as the norm now wear them only for special occasions. Worshipping our Lord should be a special occasion. Are you wearing your best to worship your God? My youngest son worked at the local Bob Evans Restaurant for the summer. During the orientation for all employees of that company dress and appearance were stressed to the future employees. Among other things male employees are not allowed to wear their hair longer than the collar of their shirts and it is to be one natural color (no purple, green, etc.). They are allowed one ring and a watch (no other jewelry is permitted while working). They are to be clean-shaven, wear dark pants, white shirt and tie if working on the floor or apron and ball cap if working the grill line or kitchen. The reason for this strict dress code is Bob Evans Restaurant owners wish to portray themselves as a family oriented place to eat. At the end of the summer it was my privilege to attend the orientation program at the International Culinary Arts School where my son now is attending for the next 18 months. Again, dress and conduct while in school was stressed. Solid black shoes, black pants, white long-sleeved jacket shirt, white handkerchief around the neck, meat thermometer in the pocket, and white hat while in the kitchen. The hat is to be removed …

A Chronological Outline Of The Crucifixion

There were ten major events the night that Jesus died. It is very enlightening to piece the four accounts together for no one record includes all the events. Please take the time in your personal devotions to look up these Scriptures and mediate on what Jeus did for you and me. Last Supper (Matthew 26:17-29).Disciples had an argument (Luke 22:24). Mt. of Olives (Matthew 26:30-35).Predicted denial. Garden of Gethsemane (Matthew 26:31-46; Luke 22:39-46).Prayed on face (26:39) Betrayal & Arrest (Matthew 26:47-56; John 18:1-14).Bound (John 18:12). Jewish Trials (Matthew 26:57-75).First to Annas (John 18:13). Next to Caiphas (John 18:24).Taunted, spit upon, buffeted, slapped (margin: hit with rods) (Matthew 26:67-68). Struck (perhaps in mouth) (John 18:22). Servants join in (Mark 14:65). Kept up all night (Matthew 27:1) (no food or drink since last supper) Convicted of blasphemy (punishable by death) Roman Trials (Matthew 27:1-26).Jews changed charge to revolt (Luke 28:2).Judas tried to stop (Matthew 27:3-10–hypocrisy of Jews, 27:6; John 18:28!). Pilate tried to stop by releasing Barabbas [Matthew 27:16; guilty of insurrection/sedition (Mark 15:7; Luke 23:18), robbery (John 18:40), murder (Mark 15:7)]. Pilate’s wife tried to stop (Matthew 27:19). Denied by Peter (Matthew 26:69-75; looked at him, Luke 22:61). Herod (Luke 23:6-12). Mocked. Pilate (Luke 23:22-23). Washed hands (Matthew 27:24). Scourged (Matthew 27:26; John 19:1).Stripped (It was cold, John 18:18).Beaten. Reclothed (Matthew 27:28). Soldiers at Praetorium (Matthew 27:27-31).Stripped (re-open wounds?), clothed in purple robe, crown of thorns, hit with reed on hiead, spit upon, smote with hands.Pilate presented Him to the people …

Jesus the Carpenter

On one occasion, some were amazed at Jesus’ wisdom and miracles and asked, “Is not this the carpenter’s son? and his brethren, James, and Joses, and Simon, and Judas? (Matthew 13:55). Those who knew Jesus as a child couldn’t believe how far He had come from His humble beginnings. They looked at Jesus as the carpenter’s son rather than as God’s Son. Although they needed to look at Jesus in a new way, it is profitable for us to consider Him as a carpenter. Jesus the carpenter made the world. John wrote, “In the beginning was the Word, and the Word was with God, and the Word was God. The same was in the beginning with God. All things were made by Him; and without Him was not any thing made that was made” (John 1:1-3). The context makes clear that the Word was Christ (1:14). Paul wrote, “. . . God, who created all things by Jesus Christ” (Ephesians 3:8-9). It is easy to see the perfect design of the world. If the earth were any further from the sun, we would freeze to death. If it were any closer to the sun, we would burn up. The Psalmist correctly wrote, “The heavens declare the glory of God; and the firmament showeth his handiwork. Day unto day uttereth speech, and night unto night showeth knowledge” (Psalms 19:1-2). Jesus the carpenter built the church. When Simon confessed that Jesus was the Christ, the Son of the living God, Jesus responded by blessing …

The Long Walk Home

It had been a long day. The man was tired, hungry and sore. Yet, still he faced the long walk home. He was weary to the bone, but he began to put one foot in front of the other, for he had not been home in a very long time. The man was aware of activity all around him. He was conscious of a throbbing headache and his back had been hurting all day. These things, however, were suppressed, for surely he had other things on his mind. Life had been burdensome from time to time. The man had seen good friends and family pass away. He had shown goodwill toward his fellow man, only to have it thrown back in his face. He had been honest and forthright, only to be ridiculed for it. He did not lie, cheat or steal, yet, few people were impressed by this conduct. He stood by his friends in difficult times, yet most of his friends did not return this loyalty. He was a good brother to his siblings, but there existed a gap between himself and his family. Yes, the man had a lot on his mind as he traveled home. Weary beyond belief and deep in thought, the man did not at first realize that he had been approached by someone. A hand fell on his shoulder and Jesus of Nazareth lifted His weary eyes and looked into the face of Simon of Cyrene. Simon took the weight of the cross …

In the Shadow of the Cross

Jesus lived a lifetime in the looming shadow of the cross. He was conceived for Calvary, born to die, begotten for burial and reared for the resurrection. He spent three decades on death row. He was aware of the agony that awaited His body and the anguish that would tear His heart. We are largely left in the dark concerning His early years. At what point He knew who He was, we do not know, but it must have been early. Mary pondered the things concerning His remarkable birth and early days in her heart (Luke 2:19) and, without doubt, shared them with Him (cf. Luke 2:40). By the age twelve He was “about his father’s business” (Luke 12:49). He grew up reading the prophecies about Himself. He saw His sacrifice implied (Genesis 4:3-5), prophesied (Genesis 22:8), typified (Exodus 12:5) and personified (Isaiah 53:7). On earth, He was identified by John (John 1:29) and verified by the apostles (Acts 8:30-35). Presently He is glorified in heaven (Revelation 5:12-13). What was it like to grow up in the shadow of the cross? He was not isolated or sheltered from events that depicted His own future. Imagine Jesus As A BoySeeing His First CrucifixionGary Stanley has recreated what might have happened in “An Imaginary Conversation Between a Boy and Centurion Soldier” (edited). The legionnaire leaned against his spear to study the boy standing at the base of the cross. The old soldier had handled hundreds of crucifixions, and this one was no …

I Know That My Redeemer Lives

(Job 19:23-26) Once prosperous from every consideration, then destitute of this world’s goods and even of his health, yet Job maintained the hope of a heavenly hereafter that sufficiently overshadowed every present distress. Job demonstrated confidence in the Lord to whom he gladly trusted his eternity. Job earnestly desired that the consolation with which he was comforted based on this hope would be realized by many others as well. Job’s hope and confidence was three-fold: (1) Job was confident that the Redeemer lives; (2) he also fully expected that the Messiah would someday appear to rescue his and other souls; and, (3) Job was hopeful and confident regarding the general resurrection in which he would participate. These reflections encouraged Job in the face of his severe adversity and served as the basis of his hope. Likewise, contemporary children of God who find themselves greatly afflicted or facing death can appropriate to themselves consolations through the same hope. Certainly, for the rest of us who are relatively free from great trials, we can also through this hope known to Job find sufficient strength to satisfactorily cope with daily affairs. The Redeemer of whom Job spoke is the Christ (i.e., Savior, Messiah) whose function and certain ministry on earth was first intimated in Genesis 3:15. That our Redeemer lives is the foundation of all our hope; if our God were dead as some declare, we could have no hope. Job had sure hope based on the resurrection long before the earthly walk …