When Was Sabbath Day Observance Instituted?
The first occurrence of the word “Sabbath” in the Bible is in Exodus 16:23, at which time God had given manna to the Israelites in the wilderness (Exodus 16:4-31). The Sabbath Day was declared to the Israelites in Exodus 16:23 and explained to be a day of rest in verse 26. Verses 27-30 note that the Israelites were not accustomed to the seventh or Sabbath Day as being a day of rest, and some did not observe the Sabbath at that time. Consequently, they were instructed again. The Sabbath Day observance was instituted in Exodus 16:23-30. For the first 2,500 years, both the secular, historical record and the biblical record were silent about Sabbath Day observance. The Israelites were specifically the nation that God commanded to observe the Sabbath Day (Exodus 16; 20:8-11). Deuteronomy 5:12-15 is a second giving of the Ten Commandments, and the passage specifies Sabbath Day observance with the additional information that it was to serve as a memorial of the Israelite deliverance from Egypt. Further, in Exodus 31:13-14, God declared that the Sabbath Day observance was between “the children of Israel” and Himself, violation of which carried the death penalty. “There’s no evidence that God ever required any other nation to observe the Sabbath, because the Jews alone were the chosen people of God” (Wiersbe, Bible Exposition Commentary). Yes, Genesis 2:3 records that God blessed, sanctified or hallowed the seventh day as the day from which He ceased creation week. Absent from the verse, though, is correlation …